高知工科大学 経済・マネジメント学群主催
経済・マネジメント研究
セミナーシリーズ
Since 2024
今年度の発表
2024年度
Intragenerational inequality and intergenerational sustainability
ISLAM Md Tawhidul
Department of Economics, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, Bangladesh., Kochi University of Technology, Kochi, Japan.
with Yuki Nasu, Moinul Islam, Kenta Tanaka and Koji Kotani
Many global agendas are intergenerational, such as climate change, environmental problems and financial sustainability, and resolving such an intergenerational sustainability (IS) problem is pivotal for survival of humans. While there have been several works that address intergenerational problems, little is known about how people behave towards IS under the presence (or absence) of inequality. We investigate how inequality in a generation, i.e., intragenerational inequality, affects the members, hypothesizing that they behave selfishly and IS is compromised under the inequality as compared to the equality. An online intergenerational goods game (IGG) experiment is conducted with 340 subjects under three treatments that correspond to equality, high inequality and super-high inequality in a generation. In IGG, each subject in a generation of five members decides how much she harvests for herself from an intergenerational common good, given some endowment. If the members (do not) harvest too much, the common good shall be (replenished) depleted and (be transferred) not be transferred to the next generation. Our results indicate that intragenerational inequality induces the members not to harvest both fairly and sustainably, adversely affecting IS. Although the members with high endowments tend to reduce their harvests as compared to those with low endowments under inequality, the reduction is not enough to maintain IS. Overall, this study demonstrates that intragenerational inequality and IS shall be in a trade-off relationship. Thus, optimally finding a balance between the two will be a practical resolution, as capitalism is so dominant that intragenerational inequality is widening in the world.
2024年10月16日(水) 12:00-13:00
永国寺キャンパス A327
Does future design induce people to make a persistent change to sustainable food consumption?
Md. Mostafizur Rahman
School of Economics and Management, Kochi University of Technology
with Khatun Mst. Asma, Moinul Islam, Tatsuyoshi Saijo and Koji Kotani
It is crucial whether or not people make sustainable food consumption (SFC) for resolving climate change, health and environmental problems as well as achieving SDGs. However, little is known about what encourages people to make a sustained shift to SFC. This research considers a future design (FD) approach where people are asked to think of a problem and take actions through taking a perspective of future generations, investigating the question ``how does the FD approach impact food consumption?'' and the hypothesis ``FD induces a lasting shift to SFC.'' We employ a social experiment with three treatments of ``baseline,'' ``deliberation'' and ``FD,'' collecting data on organic and nonorganic vegetable consumptions with 300 households in Bangladesh over three months. In baseline, households report the consumptions. In deliberation, they additionally deliberate among their family members to think of a vision, a mission and a strategy for the consumptions. In FD, they additionally take each perspective of past, current and future generations and then deliberate to think of the same issues. The result indicates that FD affects people to have a sustained increase (decrease) in organic (nonorganic) vegetable consumption as compared to any other treatment, and the effect under FD is approximately twice as much as that under deliberation in magnitude and in each round. Overall, FD demonstrates a great potential for inducing people to make a persistent change to SFC.
2024年11月06日(水) 12:00-13:00
永国寺キャンパス A327
Unpacking the Child Penalty Using Personnel Data: How Promotion Practices Widen the Gender Pay Gap
Yoko Okuyama
Uppsala University
with Takeshi Murooka (Osaka University) and Shintaro Yamaguchi (University of Tokyo)
We estimate the child penalty using personnel data that enables us to decompose the penalty into different pay components. The estimated penalty is driven by time-based pay immediately after childbirth. Subsequently, however, job-rank-based pay becomes increasingly significant, eventually becoming the dominant factor by the 15-year mark. This shift is interconnected: reduced working hours lead to lower performance evaluations, which in turn limit promotion opportunities. Our theoretical model demonstrates that current promotion practices can cause production inefficiency. Addressing them would reduce the penalty and improve talent management, making a business case for gender equality.
2025年01月15日(水) 12:00-13:00
永国寺キャンパス A327
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2025年02月05日(水) 12:00-13:00
永国寺キャンパス A327